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    20 min
    Lesson 3 of 4

    Edge Deployment and Optimization

    From the course Real-Time AI Inference

    Deploy AI models at the edge for ultra-low latency without network round-trips.

    Edge AI Deployment

    Model Optimization for Edge

    import torch
    from torch.quantization import quantize_dynamic
    
    # Dynamic quantization for edge deployment
    model_fp32 = YourModel()
    model_int8 = quantize_dynamic(
        model_fp32,
        {torch.nn.Linear},  # Quantize linear layers
        dtype=torch.qint8
    )
    
    # Save optimized model
    torch.save(model_int8.state_dict(), "edge_model_int8.pt")
    # Typically 4x smaller, 2x faster on CPU
    
    # TorchScript for deployment
    scripted_model = torch.jit.script(model_int8)
    scripted_model.save("edge_model_scripted.pt")
    

    ONNX Runtime for Cross-Platform

    import onnxruntime as ort
    import numpy as np
    
    # Load ONNX model (runs on CPU, GPU, mobile, edge)
    session = ort.InferenceSession(
        "model.onnx",
        providers=["CUDAExecutionProvider", "CPUExecutionProvider"]
    )
    
    # Run inference
    input_name = session.get_inputs()[0].name
    output = session.run(None, {input_name: input_array})
    
    # ONNX Runtime optimizations enabled automatically:
    # - Operator fusion
    # - Memory optimization
    # - CPU-specific vectorization
    

    WebAssembly for Browser

    // Run AI model directly in browser (no server)
    import { pipeline } from '@xenova/transformers';
    
    // Model downloads and caches in browser
    const classifier = await pipeline('sentiment-analysis');
    const result = await classifier('I love this product!');
    // [{label: 'POSITIVE', score: 0.999}]
    // Zero latency after initial download
    

    Architecture Comparison

    ArchitectureLatencyThroughputPrivacyCost
    Cloud API200-2000msHighLowPer-token
    Self-hosted50-500msMediumHighFixed
    Edge device10-100msLowHighestHW cost
    Browser (WASM)100-2000msLowestHighestFree

    When to Use Edge AI

    • Privacy-sensitive data (healthcare, legal)
    • Offline requirements
    • Consistent sub-100ms latency requirements
    • High volume making cloud API cost prohibitive
    • Regulatory data residency requirements

    Key Takeaways

    • •Dynamic quantization reduces model size 4x and increases CPU speed 2x for edge
    • •ONNX Runtime provides cross-platform inference on CPU, GPU, and mobile
    • •WebAssembly enables in-browser AI with zero server costs and maximum privacy
    • •Edge deployment choice depends on latency requirements, privacy needs, and data volume
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